IED 2.0: The Meters You Need Before July 2027
The revised Industrial Emissions Directive asks large plants to prove their water, energy and materials performance, and the number it wants is a ratio most sites can't yet defend.
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Field Notes · Page 2
Field notes on industrial operations intelligence — sensors, edge telemetry, and machine learning for processing plants.
The Cyber Resilience Act's 24-Hour Clock at the Edge
From 11 September 2026, the maker of every connected industrial device owes Europe an early warning within 24 hours of an exploited flaw - and the plant is usually where that flaw is seen first.
How to Measure ROI on Industrial AI
A plant-floor method for baselining, attributing, and pricing industrial AI value before the dashboards outrun the returns.
From Anomaly to Root Cause in Continuous Plants
An anomaly score tells you something changed. Getting to what changed first is a separate, harder problem in correlation, direction, and disciplined alarms.
Running LLMs at the Edge Inside the Plant
A field note on putting a language model in the rack: the hardware, the memory-bandwidth wall, the heat, and why the box never closes a control loop.
ISO/IEC 42001: An AI Management System for Industry
The first international standard for managing AI is a management system, not a model test - and for a plant that distinction is the whole point.
Optimizing Aeration in Water and Wastewater Plants
How a sensor-to-model control loop trims the biggest power load in an activated-sludge plant without risking the permit.
Copilots in the Control Room: What the Demo Skips
An AI copilot is a useful reference librarian for operators, not an engineer - here's where it earns its keep and where it has to be fenced out.
OPC UA FX at the Field Level: Past the Gateway
What the OPC Foundation's Field eXchange profile actually standardizes between controllers, the TSN and Ethernet-APL wires underneath, and where it isn't ready yet.
Thermal Imaging for Predictive Maintenance
How infrared inspection turns invisible heat into lead time before a connection fails.
From Historian to Lakehouse: The OT Data Pipeline
How years of plant tag history move out of the historian into an open, queryable lakehouse, walked layer by layer from sensor to served model.
Turning Plant Data Into a Product Carbon Footprint
How to turn historian energy and throughput data into a supplier-specific Scope 3 footprint an auditor will accept.